Problem 1
Answer: C
Solution:
Given that these are the only math teachers at Euclid Middle School and we are told how many from each class are taking the AMC 8, we simply add the three numbers to find the total. 11+8+9=28.
中文解析:
参加竞赛的学生总人数是: 11+8+9=28. 答案是C。
Answer: D
Solution:
Substitute a=5, b=10 into the expression for a@b to get: 5@10=(5*10)/(5+10)=50/15=10/3.
中文解析:
(5*10)/(5+10)=50/15=10/3. 答案是D。
Answer: C
Solution:
The highest price was in Month 1, which was $17. The lowest price was in Month 3, which was $10. 17 is 17/10 =170% of 10, and is 170-100=70% more than 10. Therefore, the answer is 70.
中文解析:
最高价是1月,17美元。 最低价格是3月10美元。 最高价比最低价多: (17-10)/10=70%。 答案是C。
Answer: C
Solution:
Putting the numbers in numerical order we get the list 0,0,1,2,3,3,3,4 The mode is 3, The median is (2+3)/2=2.5. The average is 2. is The sum of all three is 3+2.5+2=7.5.
中文解析:
这组数按照从小到大的顺序排列是: 0,0,1,2,3,3,3,4. 中位数Median是2.5; mode是3, mean是16/8=2. 因此mean,median,mode的和是: 2.5+3+2=7.5. 答案是C。
Answer: B
Solution:
Convert everything to the same unit. The ceiling is 240 centimeters above the floor. The combined height of Alice and the light bulb when she reaches for it is 10+150+46=206 centimeters. That means the stool's height needs to be 240-206=34.
中文解析:
房高240cm. 灯离天花板10cm, Alice身高150cm, 手臂能伸高46cm. 因此还需要: 240-10-150-46=34cm. 答案是B。
Answer: E
Solution:
An equilateral triangle has 3 lines of symmetry. A non-square rhombus has 2 lines of symmetry. A non-square rectangle has 2 lines of symmetry. An isosceles trapezoid has 1 line of symmetry. A square has 4 lines of symmetry. Therefore, the answer is E.
中文解析:
选项A的对称线有3条; 选项B ,菱形的对称线有2条; 选项C长方形的对称线有2条;选项D等腰三角形的对称线有1条。 选项E正方形的对称线有4条。 答案是E。
Answer: B
Solution:
You need 2 dimes, 1 nickel, and 4 pennies for the first 25 cents. From 26 cents to 50 cents, you only need to add 1 quarter. From 51 cents to 75 cents, you also only need to add 1 quarter. The same for 76 cents to 99 cents. Thus, the correct answer is 3 quarters +2 dimes +1 nickel +4 pennies.
中文解析:
25分以内的任意钱数,可以使用 2个1角, 1个5分,4个1分来组成。 从26分到50分,只需要在此基础上增加1个25分的硬币即可。 增加到75分,需要再增加一个25分硬币; 增加到1元,需要再增加一个25分。 因此若想表示小于1元的钱数,可以使用3个25分, 2个1角,1个1分,4个1分硬币。 共需要10个硬币。 答案是B。
Answer: D
Solution:
Because they are both moving in the same direction, Emily is riding relative to Emerson 12-8=4 mph. Now we can look at it as if Emerson is not moving at all [on his skateboard] and Emily is riding at 4 mph. It takes her (1/2) / 4= 1/8 hour to ride the 1/2 mile to reach him, and then the same amount of time to be 1/2 mile ahead of him. This totals to 1/8+1/8=1/4 hour =15 minutes.
中文解析:
两人是相同的方向,一个速度是12,一个速度是8,其相对速度是4,因此我们可以认为Emily的速度是4, Emerson不动。 当Emerson在Emily前面1/2mile的距离时, Emily需要(1/2)/4=1/8 小时才能到达Emerson处。 然后Emily超过了Emerson, 当两人的距离还在1/2mile内时,Emily能看到Emerson。 这个1/2 英里,同样需要Emily1/8小时。 因此从Emerson在Emily的前方1/2英里, 到Emily超出Emerson1/2英里,共需要1/8+1/8小时,即15分钟。 答案是D。
Problem 9
Answer: D
Solution:
Ryan answered 0.8*25=20 problems correct on the first test, 0.9*40=36 on the second, and 0.7*10=7 on the third. This amounts to a total of 20+36+7=63 problems correct. The total number of problems is 25+40+10=75. Therefore, the percentage is 63/75=84%.
中文解析:
25题对80%, 即20题; 40题对90%, 即36题; 10题对70%, 即7道。 总共答对了20+36+7=63题,总题目数是: 25+40+10=75题。 正确率是: 84%。 答案是D。
Problem 10
Answer: B
Solution:
The pepperoni circles' diameter is 2, since 12/6=2. From that we see that the area of the 24 circles of pepperoni is 24* Pi*1*1=24Pi. The large pizza's area is Pi*6*6. Therefore, the ratio is 24Pi/36Pi=2/3.
中文解析:
大圆的直径是12, 因此小圆的直径是2. 半径是1, 小圆的面积是Pi. 24个小圆的面积是24Pi。 大圆的半径是6,大圆的面积是36Pi。 因此题目所求的比值是: 24Pi/36Pi=2/3. 答案是B。
Problem 11
Answer: B
Solution:
Let the height of the taller tree be h and let the height of the smaller tree be h-16. Since the ratio of the smaller tree to the larger tree is 3/4, we have (h-16): h=3:4; . Solving for h gives us k64.
中文解析:
假设这两棵树的高度分别是3x和4x. 则较高的树比较低的树高x. 题目告知高16英尺,因此x=16. 较高的那棵树的高度是4*16=64英尺。 答案是B。
Problem 12
Answer: D
Solution:
Since 80 percent of the 500 balls are red, there are 400 red balls. Therefore, there must be 100 blue balls. For the 100 blue balls to be 25% or 1/4 of the bag, there must be 400 balls in the bag so 100 red balls must be removed. The answer is 100.
中文解析:
原来有500*80%=400颗红色的球。 假设拿走x颗红球后,剩余的小球是500-x个。 其中有75%的红球,即(500-x)*75% 颗红色的球。 从另一个角度,原来400颗红色的球,拿走x颗红色后,剩余红色的球是: 400-x. 因此我们得到等式: (500-x)*75%=400-x. 求得x=100. 拿走的红球数是100个。 答案是D。
Problem 13
Answer: E
Solution:
Let n, n+1, n+2 be the lengths of the sides of the triangle. Then the perimeter of the triangle is n+n+1+n+2=3n+3. Using the fact that the length of the smallest side is 30% of the perimeter, it follows that: n=0.3*(3n+3) => n=9. The longest side is then n+2=11.
中文解析:
假设三条边长分别是n, n+1,n+2. 则其周长是3n+3. 最对的边是周长的30%。 即n=(3n+3)*30%. 求得:n=9. 最长的边是n+2,即11. 答案是E。
Problem 14
Answer: C
Solution:
First, we must find the prime factorization of 2010. 2010=2*3*5*67. We add the factors up to get 77.
中文解析:
2010的质因数序列是: 2*3*5*67. 其质因数的和是77. 答案是C。
Problem 15
Answer: C
Solution:
We do 100-30-20-15-10 to find the percent of gumdrops that are green. We find that 25% of the gumdrops are green. That means there are 120 gumdrops. If we replace half of the blue gumdrops with brown gumdrops, then 15% of the jar's gumdrops are brown. 35%*120=42.
中文解析:
30%是蓝色, 20%是棕色,15%是红色,10%是黄色,剩下25%(1-30%-20%-15%-10%) 是绿色。 绿色是30个,因此总数是30/25%=120个。 蓝色有120*30%=36个,棕色有120*20%=24个。 把一半的蓝色换成棕色, 则棕色是:24+18=42个。 答案是C。
Problem 16
Answer: B
Solution:
Let the side length of the square be s, and let the radius of the circle be r. Thus we have s*s=Pi*r*r. Dividing each side by r*r, we get s*s/r*r= Pi. So, s/r=sqrt(Pi).
中文解析:
假设正方形的边长是s, 圆形的半径是r. 正方形的面积是s*s, 圆形的面积是Pi*r*r. 其面积相等,我们得到: s*s=Pi*r*r. 因此(s*s)/(r*r)=Pi. s/r =sqrt(Pi) . 答案是B。
Problem 17
Answer: D
Solution:
We see that half the area of the octagon is 5. We see that the triangle area is 5-1=4. That means that 5*h/2=4 => h=8/5. QY=8/5-1=3/5. Thus, XQ=2/5. The answer is 2/3.
中文解析:
整个图形的面积是:10*1=10. PQ把图形分成了上下面积相等的两部分,下半部分的面积是5. 小正方形YABC的面积是1, 因此三角形PQA 的面积应该是5-1=4. 三角形PQA的底是5, 因此高是:4*2/5=1.6. qizhong AY=1,因此QY=1.6-1=0.6. 由于XY=1,其中QY=0.6,因此XQ=0.4. 则XQ/QY=0.4/0.6=2/3. 答案是D。
Problem 18
Answer: C
Solution:
AD: AB=3:2, AB=30, so, AD=45.
We calculate the combined area of semicircle by putting together semicircle AB and CD to get a circle with radius 15. Thus, the area is 225Pi. The area of the rectangle is 30*45=1350. We calculate the ratio: 1350 : 225Pi=6 : PI
中文解析:
AD: AB=3:2, AB=30, 因此AD=(30/2)*3=45. AB是半圆的直径,因此圆的半径是15. 两个半圆的面积合起来就是一个圆的面积,一个圆的面积是: Pi* 15*15=225Pi. 长方形ABCD的面积是:45*30. 因此题目所求的比值是: (45*30): (225*Pi),即6:Pi. 答案是C。
Problem 19
Answer: C
Solution:
Since triangle ACD is isosceles, CB bisects AD. Thus AB=BD=8. From the Pythagorean Theorem, CB=6.Thus the area between the two circles is 100Pi-36Pi=64Pi.
中文解析:
大圆的半径是AC,长度是10,大圆的面积是:Pi*10*10. 在直角三角形ABC中, AC=10, AB=16/2=8,根据勾股定理,可得CB=6. 因此小圆的半径是6,小圆的面积是Pi*6*6. 两个圆之间的面积是:100Pi-36Pi=64Pi. 答案是C。
Problem 20
Answer: A
Solution:
Let x be the number of people wearing both a hat and a glove. Since the number of people wearing a hat or a glove must be whole numbers, the number of people in the room must be a multiple of LCM(4,5)=20. Thus, there are 20*2/5=8 people wearing gloves, 20*3/4=15 people wearing hat. 8+15-x=20 =>x=3.
中文解析:
戴手套,戴帽子的人数都必须是整数,因此球5和4的最小公倍数,是20. 至少戴手套的是20*(2/5)=8人, 戴帽子的是20*(3/4)=15人。 在房间总人数是20人的前提下,戴手套的有8人,戴帽子的有15人,则既戴帽子又戴手套的有:8+15-20=3人。 答案是A。
Problem 21
Answer: C
Solution:
Let x be the number of pages in the book. After the first day, Hui had 4x/5-12 pages left to read. After the second, she had 3/4*(4x/5-12)-15=3x/5-24 left. After the third, she had 2/3*(3x/5-24)-18=2x/5-34 left. This is equivalent to 62. 2x/5-34=62 thus x=240.
中文解析:
假设这本书有n页, 第四天只剩下62页, 62+18=80, 80页是第三天没读书之前的页数的2/3, 则第三天没读书之前,有120页。 120+15=135, 135页是第二天没读书之前的页数的3/4,则第二天没读书之前有180页。 180+12=192, 192页是第一天没读书之前的页数的4/5,则第一天没读书之前的页数是215页。 即这本书原本有240页。 答案是C。
Problem 22
Answer: E
Solution:
The result must hold for any three-digit number with hundreds digit being 2 more than the units digit. 301 is such a number. Evaluating, we get 301-103=198. Thus, the units digit in the final result is 8.
中文解析:
假设这个3位数的个位数是n,则百位数是n+2, 这个三位数反转后,个位数是n+2. 原数-新数, 其个位数是 n-(n+2)=-2, 不够减,从十位数借位, 结果个位数应该是8. 答案是E。
或者我们假设这个三位数是321. 反转后是123. 321-123的个位数是8.
Problem 23
Answer: B
Solution:
By the Pythagorean Theorem, the radius of the larger circle turns out to be sqrt(1*1+1*1)=sqrt(2). Therefore, the area of the larger circle is 2Pi. Using the coordinate plane given, we find that the radius of each of the two semicircles to be 1. So, the area of the two semicircles is Pi*1. Finally, the ratio of the combined areas of the two semicircles to the area of circle O is 1/2.
中文解析:
由上图可知,半圆POQ的半径是1, 在直角三角形QTO中, OT是半径也是1,TQ=1, 根据勾股定理, QO是根号2. 即大圆的半径是根号2. 两个半径为1的半圆的面积合起来是Pi。 大圆的面积是: 2Pi。 题目所求的面积的比值是Pi: 2Pi=1/2. 答案是B。
Problem 24
Answer: A
Solution:
Since all of the exponents are multiples of four, we can simplify the problem by taking the fourth root of each number. Evaluating we get 10^2=100, 5^3=125, 2^6=64. Since 64<100<125. it follows that 2^24<10^8<5^12.
中文解析:
10^8=(10^2)4. (10的8次方等于10的2次方,然后再4次方). 5^12=(5^3)^4. (5的12次方等于5的三次方,再4次方)。 2^24=(2^6)^4. (2的24次方等于2的6次方,然后再4次方)。 这样我们只需比较10^2, 5^3,2^6的大小。 10的2次方是100, 5的3次方是125, 2的6次方是64. 大小顺序是64<100<125, 即 2^6 < 10^2 <5^3, 所以 2^24 < 10^8 <5^12. 答案是A。
Problem 25
Answer: E
Solution:
Use recursive approach. The number of ways to climb one stair is 1. There are 2 ways to climb two stairs: 1,1 or 2. For 3 stairs, there are 4 ways: (1,1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(3). For four stairs, they could have hopped straight from the 1st, done a double from #2, or used a single step from #3. The ways to get to each of these steps are 1+2+4=7 ways to get to step 4. The pattern can then be extended: 4 steps: 1+2+4=7 ways. 5 steps: 2+4+7=13 ways. 6 steps:4+7+13=24 ways.
中文解析:
总共6阶台阶, 可以一步1阶,一步2阶,一步3阶。
如果只有1个台阶,那么只有1种方式,即1步一个台阶。
如果只有2个台阶, 有2种方式: 1种是1步1个台阶,走2步; 另一种是1步2个台阶,只走一步。
如果有3个台阶,有4种方式。 第一种: 1步1个台阶,走3步; 第二种:第一步1个台阶,第二步走2个台阶; 第三种:第一步走2个台阶, 第二步1个台阶; 第四种: 一步走3个台阶,只走一步。
我们接下来用递归的方法推理: 如果有4个台阶: 如果第一步走1个台阶,剩下的3个台阶有4种方法; 如果第一步走2个台阶, 剩下的2个台阶有2种方法; 如果第一步走3个台阶,剩下的1个台阶只能有1种走法。 合计起来是4+2+1=7种方法。
如果有5个台阶: 如果第一步走1个台阶,剩下的4个台阶有7种方法; 如果第一步走2个台阶, 剩下的3个台阶有4种方法; 如果第一步走3个台阶,剩下的2阶台阶有2种方法。 合计起来是:7+4+2=13种方法。
当有6个台阶时: 如果第一步走1个台阶,剩下的5个台阶有13种方法; 如果第一步走2个台阶, 剩下的4个台阶有7种方法; 如果第一步走3个台阶,上下的3个台阶有4种方法。 合计起来是13+7+4=24种方法。 答案是E。
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